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Table of Contents - Current issue
January-March 2023
Volume 15 | Issue 1
Page Nos. 1-53
Online since Friday, February 17, 2023
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Herpes simplex virus-1, epstein–barr virus, and human cytomegalovirus in the saliva of periodontally diseased pregnant and nonpregnant women: A cross-sectional analytical study
p. 1
Paramjit Kaur Khinda, Dinesh Rao, Surender Pal Singh Sodhi, Anita Mehta, Sanjeev Kumar Salaria
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_145_21
Context:
Periodontal disease is commonly found among pregnant women. Viruses may play a key role in the etiology of periodontal disease through a variety of mechanisms that work alone or in tandem. Many researchers have explored the possible role of herpes viruses in periodontal disease, but extremely limited studies have evaluated the effect of pregnancy on herpes viruses in women with periodontal disease.
Aims and Objectives:
To study the effect of pregnancy on herpes simplex virus-1, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and human cytomegalovirus in women with periodontal disease and to evaluate the presence of herpes viruses within the saliva of pregnant and nonpregnant women with periodontal disease.
Settings and Design:
The study design involves a cross-sectional analytical study.
Materials and Methods:
The study consisted of 50 females aged between 18 and 35 years. Group I comprised pregnant women at any gestational age with periodontal disease and Group II comprised nonpregnant women with periodontal disease. The clinical parameters assessed were plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss. Nonstimulated whole saliva was utilized for the detection of three herpes viruses by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
Statistical Analysis Used:
The categorical variables and research parameters were compared using the Chi-squared test and the Student's
t
-test.
Results:
Both groups tested positive for the three herpes viruses, but only a significant increase was observed in EBV in Group I participants on the intergroup comparison.
Conclusions:
The presence of EBV in the saliva of women with periodontal disease was found to be more likely during pregnancy.
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To determine therapeutic effect of curcuma gel on gingivitis as an adjunct to scaling: A randomized control trial
p. 7
MV Devarathnamma, Anunay Bhaskarrao Pangarikar, Prachi Gurunath Parab, Shivanand Aspalli, Nagappa Guttiganur, Janavathi Rangappa
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_25_22
Context:
Gingivitis is among the most prevalent periodontal disease occurring in the oral cavity, which is plaque induced and if untreated, can progress to periodontitis. Various adjunct chemotherapeutic agents are available for plaque control with their own pros and cons. Hence, a plaque-controlling therapeutic agent which is readily available at low cost and without any side effects is the need of the hour. According to the ancient texts, Ayurveda and the traditional culture of India,
Curcuma longa
is used externally for inflammation of skin and mucosa.
Aims:
To evaluate the therapeutic effect of curcuma gel on gingival health and its possible usage in the treatment of gingivitis.
Settings and Design:
This study comprises hundred participants with gingivitis which were divided randomly in two groups.
Subjects and Methods:
Experimental group – Scaling and topical application of curcuma gel and control group – Scaling alone without the topical application of curcuma gel. Clinical parameters (Gingival Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, and Plaque Index) were assessed at different time intervals (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) in both experimental and control groups.
Statistical Analysis Used:
Within groups, a repeated measures ANOVA model was used for repeated observations over a period which is followed by the Dunnett test for multiple comparisons. Experimental and control groups were compared for normally distributed data by Student's
t
-test. Whereas for skewed data, the Wilcoxon test or Mann–Whitney
U
-test was employed.
Results:
Statistically significant improvement of gingival health parameters was seen in the group which received topical curcuma oral gel application after scaling compared with the control group.
Conclusions:
Significant improvement in clinical parameters of gingivitis on the application of Curcuma oral gel after scaling with no obvious adverse effects suggesting its possible use as a topical adjunct treatment in clinical or community level prevention as well as treatment programs in the future.
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Impact of oral diseases on oral health-related quality of life among older people
p. 13
Reethu Salim
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_69_21
Context:
Oral diseases are an important public health problem because of their high prevalence, their impact on individuals and society, and the expensive nature of their treatment. The oral health of the older population is a global concern. Major problems include a high prevalence of missing teeth, dental caries, periodontal disease, and wasting diseases. Poor oral health has an influence on the quality of life (QoL) as well. We attempted to assess the impact of oral diseases on oral health-related QoL (OHRQoL) using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire.
Aim:
To investigate the impact of oral diseases on OHRQoL using the GOHAI questionnaires.
Settings and Design:
The study was a population-based cross-sectional survey conducted among the older populations in South Kerala.
Subjects and Methods:
This was a population-based cross-sectional study, in which 399 people participated: 200 were female and 199 were male. People above 60 years of age, who were permanent residents of the district, were recruited for the study. The sampling method used was circular systemic random sampling. Clinical examination was done according to the World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form 2013, and OHRQoL was recorded using GOHAI questionnaire.
Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies of variables, such as means and standard deviations. The bivariate analysis used Student's
t
-test to determine the association between variables.
Results:
The mean age of the subjects was 65 ± 5.5 years. Significant associations were found between the psychosocial domain and missing teeth (
P
< 0.05) and periodontitis (
P
< 0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, an association between the pain/discomfort domain was found in denture wear (
P
< 0.046) and tooth sensitivity (
P
< 0.003).
Conclusions:
The study found a reduction in the OHRQoL among the study population. The study finding underscores the impact of oral diseases on QoL.
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Accuracy and reproducibility of laser-scanned digital models compared to plaster models – An
in vitro
study
p. 20
Mandeep Singh, Achint Juneja, Divya Shetty, Payal Sharma, Monis Raza, Shubhangi Jain
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_125_21
Purpose:
The present study aimed to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of laser-scanned digital models compared to plaster models.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 50 plaster models were scanned using the 3M ESPE Lava scan ST scanner to construct digital models. Various measurements, encompassing intra-arch and inter-arch from scans and plaster models, were estimated. The plaster models were measured using digital calipers and digital models using MiniMagics 3.0 software. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and the mean difference of the parameters between the two groups was tested by paired
t
-test.
Results:
No significant difference was detected between the digital and manual measurements in the majority of the parameters, and the values for the parameters showed significant differences that were not clinically applicable. The digital method showed good reproducibility for all the measurements (
r
> 0.7). Overbite showed a marked variation between the manual and digital measurements due to overlapping tooth structures in digital models with respect to ideal occlusion. Bolton's analysis did not show a significant difference between the manual and digital methods.
Conclusions:
Digital models could be compared to the gold standard plaster models.
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Correlation of geographic tongue with early childhood caries in pediatric patient: A review of literature and case series
p. 28
Sucheta Mahant, Sanjay Kumar Thakur
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_80_21
Background:
Benign migratory glossitis(GT) is a recurrent asymptomatic lesion found on the tongue) shows multiple, circinate, and irregular erythematous patches surrounded by slightly elevated white-colored keratotic band.Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common oral disease in children in developing countries.
Aim:
To find correlation of geographic tongue,anaemia with Early Childhood Caries in children.
Result:
Early childhood caries (ECC) was found to be high in children with Geographic tongue. In this case series, anemia was also found to be contributory factor for both GT and ECC.
Conclusion:
GT, a benign recurrent condition on tongue found in children, has ECC can be associated with fissured tongue and anemia.
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Push-out bond strength of alkasite restorative material and bulk-fill composite used with universal adhesive system: An
in vitro
study
p. 33
Nikita Goyal, Poonam Bogra, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, S Vijay Singh, Radhika Goyal, Madhur Bogra
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_43_22
Context:
Nowadays, dentists use tooth-colored materials extensively, but the bond strength of these materials with teeth is crucial to determine their long-span durability. As a result, the bond strength of these materials must be assessed.
Aims:
This study aimed to compare the push-out bond strength of alkasite restorative material and bulk-fill composite when used with a universal adhesive system.
Settings and Design:
In vitro
study to determine the push-out bond strength with a universal testing machine.
Subjects and Methods:
Forty extracted mandibular molars were taken and their occlusal surface was wet grounded with silicon carbide paper so that a smooth dentin surface was obtained. Class I cavities were prepared with a template to standardize the size of the preparation. Teeth were divided into Group I and Group II of 20 teeth each. Alkasite restorative material was used in Group I, and nanohybrid bulk-fill composite was used in Group II. Restored samples were sliced into 2 mm thick sections and examined for push-out bond strength.
Results:
Push-out bond strength of Cention-N was 201.25 and the composite was 163.69, and the results were statistically significant (
P
= 0.017).
Statistical Analysis Used:
Unpaired
t
-test.
Conclusions:
It was concluded that alkasite material had more push-out bond strength than bulk-fill composite when used with a universal adhesive system.
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Association between bilateral sagittal split osteotomy setback and autorotation of the mandible
p. 37
Syeda Fathimuz Zahara, Nandish Shetty, Pooja Harish, Akhter Husain
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_41_22
Introduction:
The study aimed to evaluate the autorotation for Class III malocclusions after the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) setback procedure
. Methodology:
This retrospective study includes lateral cephalograms of eight males and three females total of 11 patients who had undergone BSSO, without any other additional surgeries. The Frankfurt-Horizontal (F-H) plane was used as a reference and manual superimposition was done. Considering stable mandibular landmarks, reference line perpendicular (RLp) and reference line (RL) were drawn as x and y coordinates, respectively. Pre- and postsurgical statistics were used to compare using paired
t
-test where
P
< 0.05 was set for statistical significance.
Results:
Superimposed tracings showed no significant difference in pre- and postsurgical treatments. There was no statistically significant amount of autorotation after the BSSO setback procedure (
P
= 0.714).
Conclusion:
Hence, BSSO setback surgery will not cause any significant amount of autorotation of the mandible. If autorotation is required it must be incorporated into treatment planning.
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CASE REPORTS
Comprehensive oral rehabilitation amidst COVID-19 times with general anaesthesia in the primary dentition in children with frankel's definitely negative behaviour
p. 40
DM M. Chengappa, Paras Angrish, Rajat Mitra, Balakrishna Jayan, Mrinalini Rathore
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_133_21
Accomplishing complete dental rehabilitation in a young child requires extra efforts, primarily because of the need to make use of behavior modification techniques, especially in the children requiring extensive dental procedures. Pharmacological means are sought when nonpharmacological techniques fail. General anesthesia (GA) comes to rescue in such cases. The applicability of GA in pediatric dentistry has been researched a lot and found to be effective. The case reports describe the challenges faced in managing the mutilated dentition in two children with Frankel's behavior rating as 1 (definitely negative behavior), in the midst of a pandemic where the pediatric dentist had to take care of the parental anxiety related to the child's oral conditions along with the concern of safety protocols followed in light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Complete oral rehabilitation was accomplished for both the children under GA.
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Indirect sinus lift in maxillary posterior region using BAOSFE technique
p. 45
Niveditha Varmudy, Sapna Chengappa Kambiranda, Syed Ghouse Ahmed, Nitesh Shetty
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_28_22
Implant placement in edentulous posterior maxilla along the maxillary sinuses poses difficulties following tooth extraction due to ridge resorption and pneumatization of sinuses resulting in inadequate vertical bone height. The maxillary sinus lying close to the posterior maxillary edentulous ridge can be augmented by various methods such as lateral window sinus floor elevation, crestal approach, and grafting procedures. Summers introduced the less invasive approach for the sinus floor elevation known as osteotome sinus floor elevation technique in which the vertical bone height was attained by retaining and relocating existing bone using different graded osteotomes. He further modified this technique by addition of bone graft to the osteotomy site before sinus elevation known as bone added osteotome mediated sinus floor elevation (BAOSFE). This case report shows placement of implant in atrophic maxillary region using BAOSFE technique.
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Laser assisted modified lip repositioning surgery for the treatment of excessive gingival display using Y V plasty: A case report
p. 49
Simran Ghumman, Devinder Singh Kalsi, Vikrant Sharma, Khushboo Arora, Ajit Jaiswal, Girish Chaudhary
DOI
:10.4103/ijds.ijds_150_21
Excessive gingival display is matter of concern for a lot of patients and affects their psychological well-being. Various methods have been employed to reduce excessive gingival display but with variable results. Modified Lip repositioning is a surgical way to correct gummy smile by limiting the retraction of the elevator smile muscles and yet preserve the labial frenum using Y-V plasty using a method that gives long term results along with being non-invasive and has high patient compliance. After thorough disinfection and achieving adequate anaesthesia, the strip of mucosa which had to ablated was marked with a laser, which was twice the amount of gingival display seen in the patient. After carrying out laser ablation of the marked tissue, and performing Y-V plasty, the surgical area was evaluated and the wound margins were approximated with multiple interrupted sutures. The patient was put on a regular follow-up. The results revealed a marked reduction in gingival display at the 3-month follow-up. Overall gingival display reduced from 6 mm to 2 mm.
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